Climage Change Conventions


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Climage Change Conventions

Climate Change Conventions: The various conventions for tackling Global Warming:

From Kyoto to Copenhagen to Paris: The earth is already showing many signs of worldwide climate change:

  • Average temperatures have climbed o.8 degree Celsius around the world since 1880, much of this in recent decades, according to NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies.
  • The rate of warming is increasing, The 20th century's last two decades were the hottest in 400 years and possibly the warmest for several millennia, according to a number of climate studies.
  • The Arctic is teeling the effects the most, Average temperatures in Alaska, western Canada, and eastern Russia have risen at twice the global average, according to the multinational Arctic Climate Impact Assessment report compiled between 2000 and 2004.
  • Arctic ice is rapidly disappearing, and the region may have its first completely ice-free summer by 2040 or earlier. Polar bears and indigenous cultures are already suffering from the sea-ice lo8s.
  • Glaciers and mountain snows are rapidly melting, For example, Montana's Glacier National Park now has only 27 glaciers, versus 150 in 1910. In the Northern Hemisphere, thaws also come a week earlier in spring and freezes begin a week later,
  • Coral reefs, which are highly sensitive to small changes in water temperature, suffered the worst bleaching - or die-off in response to stress- ever recorded in 1998, with some areas seeing bleach rates of 70 percent. Experts expect these sorts of events to inerease in frequency and intensity in the next 50 years as sea temperatures rise.
  • An upsurge in the amount of extreme weather events, such as wildfires, heat waves, and strong tropical storms, is also attributed in part to climate change by some experts.
  • Kyoto Protocol: The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The major feature of the Kyoto Protocol is that it sets binding targets for 37 industrialised countries and the European community for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This amounts to an average of five per cent against 1990 levels over the five-year period 2008-2012.

    Recognising that developed countries are principally responsible for the current high levels of GHG emissions in the atmosphere because of more than 150 years of industrial activity, the Protocol places a heavier burden on developed nations under the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities". The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on December 11, 1997 and brought into force on February 16, 2005. 184 Parties of the Convention have ratified its Protocol to date.

    Copenhagen Accord: The Copenhagen Accord, the first global agreement of the 21st century to comprehensively influence the flow and share of natural resources, was agreed upon by 26 most influential countries in the wee hours of December 19, 2009, in the capital of Denmark.

    The accord demands that increase in global temperatures be kept below 2 degrees based on equity. It requires global emissions as well as all national emissions to peak at a certain time but is mindful of concerns of economic development.

    Cancun Conference: The United Nations Climate Change Conference took place in Cancun, Mexico, from 29 November to December 2010. It encompassed the sixteenth Conference of the Parties (COP) and the sixth Conference of the Parties serving as the Mecting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (CMP).

     

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